Gene directory — every gene GENO analyzes

Evidence-based, plain-English explanations of the genes that drive your nutrition, supplementation, weight, mood and longevity. Every page covers what the gene does, what your specific genotype means, the diet and lifestyle that fit it, supplement doses with form and timing, contraindications, and citations to the primary literature.

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Methylation & B-vitamins

MTHFR — Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase

Key variants: rs1801133 (C677T), rs1801131 (A1298C) · Chromosome: 1p36.22

This gene decides how well your body activates folate — the B-vitamin that powers energy, mood, and heart health. Some variants make this process slower, which can quietly raise homocysteine and change how you respond to standard vitamins.

Targets: MTHFR C677T supplement recommendations MTHFR A1298C diet MTHFR TT methylfolate dose MTHFR homocysteine

Cardiovascular & lipids

APOE — Apolipoprotein E

Key variants: rs429358, rs7412 (define ε2/ε3/ε4) · Chromosome: 19q13.32

This gene shapes how your body handles cholesterol — both in your bloodstream and your brain. Certain versions raise your risk of memory decline and heart disease later in life, while others are protective. Knowing yours changes what you eat, how you exercise, and what to watch for.

Targets: APOE4 diet APOE4 Alzheimer prevention APOE4 saturated fat APOE4 omega-3 DHA

Cognitive & neurotransmitters

COMT — Catechol-O-methyltransferase

Key variants: rs4680 (Val158Met) · Chromosome: 22q11.21

This gene controls how fast your brain clears stress hormones and focus chemicals like dopamine. Some people are naturally calm under pressure but need more stimulation to concentrate; others focus deeply at rest but feel overwhelmed when stressed. It also changes how you handle caffeine and certain vitamins.

Targets: COMT Val158Met meaning slow COMT caffeine COMT Met/Met methylfolate warrior worrier gene

Vitamins & minerals

VDR — Vitamin D receptor

Key variants: rs1544410 (BsmI), rs731236 (TaqI), rs2228570 (FokI) · Chromosome: 12q13.11

This gene builds the receptor that vitamin D latches onto inside your cells. Even if your blood vitamin D looks fine, some versions of this receptor make it harder for your body to actually use it — which quietly affects bone strength, immunity, and energy.

Targets: VDR FokI vitamin D dose VDR BsmI bone density VDR TaqI VDR variants autoimmune

Metabolic & weight

FTO — Fat mass and obesity-associated protein

Key variants: rs9939609 · Chromosome: 16q12.2

This is the best-known gene linked to appetite and body weight. Some versions make you feel hungrier sooner after meals and reach for snacks more often — but regular exercise and protein-rich food can cancel out most of that effect.

Targets: FTO rs9939609 weight loss FTO obesity gene diet FTO AA genotype FTO exercise effect

TCF7L2 — Transcription factor 7-like 2

Key variants: rs7903146 · Chromosome: 10q25.2

This is the strongest common genetic signal for type 2 diabetes. Some versions make your pancreas release less insulin after meals, so blood sugar stays elevated longer. The good news: diet, movement, and fiber can cut that risk dramatically.

Targets: TCF7L2 rs7903146 diabetes TCF7L2 diet TCF7L2 metformin TCF7L2 high fiber

Detoxification

CYP1A2 — Cytochrome P450 1A2

Key variants: rs762551 · Chromosome: 15q24.1

This gene decides how quickly your liver breaks down caffeine. Some people clear it in a few hours and sleep fine after an afternoon coffee; others feel jittery for half the day and lie awake at night from a single morning cup.

Targets: CYP1A2 slow metabolizer caffeine CYP1A2 rs762551 fast caffeine metabolizer caffeine and blood pressure genetic

GSTM1 — Glutathione S-transferase Mu 1

Key variants: GSTM1 deletion (null) · Chromosome: 1p13.3

This gene powers one of your body's natural cleanup crews — the enzymes that neutralize pollution, smoke, and everyday toxins. About half of people carry a blank copy with no cleanup enzyme at all, making them more sensitive to air quality, grilled meat, and oxidative stress.

Targets: GSTM1 null genotype GSTM1 deletion detox GSTM1 glutathione GSTM1 air pollution

How GENO uses these genes

Upload your raw DNA file from 23andMe, AncestryDNA or MyHeritage and GENO reads each variant locally in your browser. You get a per-gene risk profile, a daily health plan, a personalized supplement protocol with dose and timing, a tailored diet, and the ability to interpret your blood work in genetic context — all without your raw DNA ever leaving your device.

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GENO content is informational and not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Consult a qualified healthcare professional for medical decisions, especially before starting or stopping supplements or medications.